Characteristics of coseismic water level changes at Tangshan well for the Wenchuan M_S8.0 earthquake and its larger aftershocks          下载免费PDF全文

Baojun Yin  Li Ma  Huizhong Chen  Jianping Huang  Chaojun Zhang  Wuxing Wang 《地震科学（英文版）》2009,22(2):149-157

Coseismic water level changes which may have been induced by the Wenchuan M_S8.0 earthquake and its 15 larger aftershocks (M_S≥?5.4) have been observed at Tangshan well. We analyze the correlation between coseismic parameters (maximum amplitude, duration, coseismic step and the time when the coseismic reach its maximum amplitude) and earthquake parameters (magnitude, well-epicenter distance and depth), and then compare the time when the coseismic oscillation reaches its maximum amplitude with the seismogram from Douhe seismic station which is about 16.3 km away from Tangshan well. The analysis indicates that magnitude is the main factor influencing the induced coseismic water level changes, and that the well-epicenter distance and depth have less influence. M_S magnitude has the strongest correlation with the coseismic water level changes comparing to M_W and M_L magnitudes. There exists strong correlation between the maximum amplitude, step size and the oscillation duration. The water level oscillation and step are both caused by dynamic strain sourcing from seismic waves. Most of the times when the oscillations reach their maximum amplitudes are between S and Rayleigh waves. The coseismic water level changes are due to the co-effect of seismic waves and hydro-geological environments.  相似文献   

风暴强度指数SSI   总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7  

赵秀英  吴宝俊 《气象》2000,26(5):55-56

近年刊出的强对流天气分析预报文献(例如文献 [1 ]、[2 ])中 ,常常用到风暴强度指数 ( storms severity index,缩写为 SSI )。现根据检索到的部分文献中之解释 ,对其介绍如下。在 2 0世纪 70年代初 ,Miller认为 [3] :在强热力学不稳定和强动力学因子都出现时 ,才有强雷暴发展 (称“经典的 Miller个例”)。然而 ,后续的研究发现 ,这些典型条件不能包含发生的全部强天气。 Maddox等 [4] 、Vigneux等 [5]以及 Turcotte等 [6]指出 :在强热力学条件和弱的动力学条件下以及弱热力学条件和强动力学条件下也可出现强天气。与文献 [4、5、6 ]的思…  相似文献   

公众天气预报传播过程的数学模型     

郭虎  彭治班  吴宝俊  王淑静 《气象》1999,25(12):8-11

仿照流行病传播模型的思路,给出了公众天气预报传播过程最简单的数学模型  相似文献   

Controlling factors on the charging process of oil and gas in the eastern main sub-sag of the Baiyun Sag,Zhujiang River (Pearl River) Mouth Basin     

Cong Chen  Xiangtao Zhang  Guangrong Peng  Zulie Long  Baojun Liu  Xudong Wang  Puqiang Zhai  Bo Zhang 《海洋学报(英文版)》2023,42(3):189-200

The eastern main sub-sag (E-MSS) of the Baiyun Sag was the main zone for gas exploration in the deep-water area of the Zhujiang River (Pearl River) Mouth Basin at its early exploration stage, but the main goal of searching gas in this area was broken through by the successful exploration of the W3-2 and H34B volatile oil reservoirs, which provides a new insight for exploration of the Paleogene oil reservoirs in the E-MSS. Nevertheless, it is not clear on the distribution of “gas accumulated in the upper layer, oil accumulated in the lower layer” (Gas_upper-Oil_lower) under the high heat flow, different source-rock beds, multi-stages of oil and gas charge, and multi-fluid phases, and not yet a definite understanding of the genetic relationship and formation mechanism among volatile oil, light oil and condensate gas reservoirs, and the migration and sequential charge model of oil and gas. These puzzles directly lead to the lack of a clear direction for oil exploration and drilling zone in this area. In this work, the PVT fluid phase, the origin of crude oil and condensate, the secondary alteration of oil and gas reservoirs, the evolution sequence of oil and gas formation, the phase state of oil and gas migration, and the configuration of fault activity were analyzed, which established the migration and accumulation model of Gas_upper-Oil_lower co-controlled by source and heat, and fractionation controlled by facies in the E-MSS. Meanwhile, the fractionation evolution model among common black reservoirs, volatile reservoirs, condensate reservoirs and gas reservoirs is discussed, which proposed that the distribution pattern of Gas_upper-Oil_lower in the E-MSS is controlled by the generation attribute of oil and gas from source rocks, the difference of thermal evolution, and the fractionation controlled by phases after mixing the oil and gas. Overall, we suggest that residual oil reservoirs should be found in the lower strata of the discovered gas reservoirs in the oil-source fault and diapir-developed areas, while volatile oil reservoirs should be found in the deeper strata near the sag with no oil-source fault area.  相似文献   

唐山马家沟矿井水位异常分析     

赵建明  李红超  赵亮  董祎玮  尹宝军 《地震地磁观测与研究》2018,39(5):150-156

地下水动态受水文因素影响较大,对地震和构造活动具有较灵敏的响应。判别并排除各种水文干扰,确认地下水在地震前的异常变化,对提高地震分析预报能力,具有重要作用。马家沟矿井水位动态观测层与地下水开采层为同一含水层,井水位于2010年出现破年变异常,加速持续上升,截至2015年,最大上升幅度约30 m。依据该井水文地质环境特征,根据唐山市区2001-2015年地下水位、降雨量、地下水开采量实测资料,建立合理多元回归模型和三维地下水流动模型,发现地下水开采量减少应为影响马家沟矿井水位动态的可能因素。文中采取的异常识别与分析方法,可为其他类似井孔的地下水动态异常识别及判定提供一定借鉴。  相似文献   

中国北方岩溶地下水污染分析   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

高旭波  王万洲  侯保俊  高列波  张建友  张松涛  李成城  姜春芳 《中国岩溶》2020,39(3):287-298

近年来,受气候变化和强烈人类活动的影响,环境物质及能量多频次、大范围的输入,极大程度上改变着岩溶水系统的水环境质量,岩溶水生态环境遭受不同程度的威胁和破坏,岩溶水水质日趋恶化。本文归纳分析了我国北方岩溶水系统水质特征、污染现状、污染来源及污染途径。我国北方岩溶水水质类型中硫酸盐型水和氯化物型水的分布逐渐增加,主要污染组分为总硬度、SO42-、F-、NO3-和TDS等。其中硫酸盐和硝酸盐污染强度和范围最大,呈现出显著的人类活动影响特征。依据我国北方岩溶系统结构及水力学特征,将岩溶水污染途径概括为:①连续入渗型——主要包括岩溶区地表水（河流、水库等）渗漏污染,城镇污水渠或排污管道破损引起的污水渗漏污染;②越流型污染——污染孔/裂隙水（含矿坑水/老窑积水等）越流污染岩溶水;③间歇入渗型——固废淋溶入渗和污水灌溉渗漏污染等。据此提出了推进岩溶水水资源保护和污染防治的合理化建议。   相似文献   

论海平面变化与层控矿床成因   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

王剑 《地球科学》1997,22(3):285-292

桂北及桂中大瑶山西侧泥盆纪层控型站矿床成因研究表明，矿床形成赋矿盆地的海平面变化密切相关，它们是“层、系、相、位”四位一体主因素地质场作用的结果，这一新的矿床成因新模式可以概括为：区域赋矿层位与层序边界面关系密切，研究区内共划分出７个 序边界面，其中ＳＢ１（Ｉ），ＳＢ３（Ⅲ）及ＳＢ７（Ｉ）是主要的区域性赋 层位；矿体一般产于Ｉ型层序边界面之上，或产于Ⅱ，Ⅲ层序边界面之下；容矿主岩与一定的沉积体系域  相似文献   

大兴安岭中南段成矿控矿构造分析     

牛树银  陈超  张福祥  马宝军  孙爱群 《地质论评》2016,62(S1):323-324

大兴安岭中南段是我国东部重要的成矿集中区之一,是振兴东北的重要资源基地,近年来基础地质研究和地质找矿工作取得了长足的进展（邵济安等,2010;申伍军等,2012）。但是,仍有些问题急需深入研究,例如为什么大兴安岭中南段地区大中型内生金属矿床均集中分布在大兴安岭的主轴地区？为什么同是二叠－白垩系地层,从大兴安岭主轴地区向外变形变质程度却明显不同？是什么构造控制着该区的变形变质作用及其成矿作用？这些问题的解决对指导理论上的重要进展与找矿实践的重大突破有着重要意义。  相似文献   

提高基础地质认识实习教学效果的研究：以南京大学基础地质认识实习为例     

解国爱  王宝军  王博  许宝田  杨爱华  张勇 《高校地质学报》2022,28(3):378-381

地质学是认识和了解地球的学科,基础地质认识实习是地质学教学过程中非常重要的实践环节,是学以致用、理论联系实际、掌握野外地质工作方法、培养学生分析和解决问题能力的重要教学环节。文章以南京大学基础地质认识实习为例,总结了近年来基础地质认识实习过程中出现的主要问题,并分析了原因,提出一些具体的行之有效的解决方法。文章认为野外地质实习过程中需要进行实习基地的筛选、教师队伍的配备、实习内容的制定、实习时间的调整、野外教学效果的评估等方面的教学改革,为野外基础地质实习效果的提高提供了有效途径。  相似文献   

Use of comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry for the characterization of biodegradation and unresolved complex mixtures in petroleum     

Tin C. Tran  Emmanuelle Grosjean  Philip J. Marriott 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》2010,74(22):6468-6484

A comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC/TOFMS) method has been developed for separation of a series of petroleum samples using a polar/non-polar column set configuration. Groups of oils were selected to provide samples from the same oil family to assist in comparison of compositional changes during biodegradation. The groups also represented different sources and ages to allow an assessment of the application of GC × GC for the differentiation of oil source, as well as fluid history. The increased resolution and separation afforded by the GC × GC technique provides more complete compositional information on complex biodegraded oil samples than one-dimensional GC, and improves the ability to study biodegradation trends. Among the components identified, it is proposed that alkyl-decahydronaphthalenes constitute a significant contribution to the UCM.  相似文献